It's more complicate than that but I'll try. Those are torque or traction motors in axles similar to those in trains. They're on a DC supply delivered by a charge from a capacitor that is powered from a high current 110v/240v supply. A typical solar panel meters around 12v DC after about an hour in direct sunlight with a current fit for not much other than powering a light. As you run them into an inverter for AC and a usuable voltage you lose current. Chemical cells are fixed around that too, if you meter your car battery you will get around 14v DC but that is recharged via a generator. Low load bearing single phase motors like fans and such might only pull half an amp at no load but any motor will take around 6 times its full load current on start up. So even the little pedestal fan you got from Kmart for $10 will takes around 3 amps to start up the a steady steam of 0.5A. Often a pool pump for example will be put on a 15A circuit with a type D breaker due to full load exceeding the standard 10A rating of a single phase power circuit on a type C breaker. The your oven (if electric) is already on its own 36A circuit. These are just currents you can't get off DC cell supply. Sorry if it seems like a tangent but trying to list examples why current technology just cant do it. This isn't even touching on 3phase supply which is required for industry.
To generate the power we need it can be done in a number of ways by using a turbine but it's all the same. You have permanent magnets set up in a stator housing. They are transferring flux north to south. A wound/conductive rotor (armature) goes through the middle. Turning it literally 'cuts' the flux which produces an AC voltage. It can be done in any way by using wind, water (hydro), steam (burning coal or running water over a hot radioactive core), but it's the constant generation that keeps things running that cells aren't capable of. Another thing too is that voltage drops over distance. The massive lines you see coming cross country from a plant to a city are carrying around 250-260k V AC. It is stepped down at sub stations then the trannies on the poles you see around are maintaining a steady 220-240v.
I'm all for clean energy too by the way. IMO it would be cheaper for the government to put panels on every roof than to build any sort of new plant. That way we aren't burning coal just to turn a light or TV on or hear water which sounds ridiculous. Then we would only be using coal to turn on things like air cons and use fridges. We could probably do this off wind farms but industry will need something more substantial. We may or may not have blown pole fuses in the past running up motors in our workshop
there are some motors as big as a two story house used on crushers at the mines, good luck powering that off anything else.
